PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

            \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot65}{36,2}\cdot100\%\approx71,23\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al_2O_3}=28,77\%\)

c) Ta có: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{36,2-0,4\cdot65}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=1,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,4\cdot36,5}{10\%}=511\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{511}{1,1}\approx464,5\left(ml\right)=0,4645\left(l\right)\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4645}\approx0,86\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4645}\approx0,43\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vì Cu không tác dụng với HCl 

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

       1         2              1           1

      0,1     0,2                           0,1

a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Cu}=12-5,6=6,4\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

200ml = 0,2l

\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

c) ⁰/₀Fe = \(\dfrac{5,6.100}{12}=46,67\)⁰/₀

    ⁰/₀Cu = \(\dfrac{6,4.100}{12}=53,33\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,25}.100\%\approx51,43\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}\approx48,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{5,25-0,1.27}{102}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,45.36,5}{29,2\%}=56,25\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,225.98}{19,6\%}=112,5\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25\cdot56=14\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=6\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{FeSO_4}=0,25mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,25\cdot152=38\left(g\right)\)

Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25\cdot98}{10\%}=245\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,25\cdot2=0,5\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hh}+m_{H_2SO_4}-m_{Cu}-m_{H_2}=258,5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{38}{258,5}\cdot100\%\approx14,7\%\)

pthh : Fe +H₂SO₄ → FeSO₄ +H₂

theo bài ra số mol của h2 =0,15 (mol)

theo pt : nFe=nH₂=0,15 (mol)

mFe=0,15 .56 =8,4 (g) ⇒mCu=20-8,4=11,6 (g)